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// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
/**
* @module Utils/WorldBankData
* @description Utility functions for World Bank economic data integration.
*
* Provides EU member state → World Bank country code mapping,
* CSV parsing for MCP responses, indicator formatting, and economic
* context building for EU Parliament article enrichment.
*
* Functions in this module are designed to be stateless and avoid observable
* side effects, with the exception of explicitly recording metadata such as
* data timestamps in returned objects.
*/
import type {
EconomicContext,
EconomicIndicatorSummary,
PolicyRelevantIndicators,
WorldBankIndicator,
} from '../types/world-bank.js';
import { escapeHTML } from './file-utils.js';
// ─── EU Member State → World Bank Country Code Mapping ───────────────────────
/**
* Maps EU member state ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes to World Bank alpha-3 codes.
* Covers all 27 EU member states.
*/
export const EU_COUNTRY_CODES: Readonly<Record<string, string>> = {
AT: 'AUT', // Austria
BE: 'BEL', // Belgium
BG: 'BGR', // Bulgaria
HR: 'HRV', // Croatia
CY: 'CYP', // Cyprus
CZ: 'CZE', // Czech Republic
DK: 'DNK', // Denmark
EE: 'EST', // Estonia
FI: 'FIN', // Finland
FR: 'FRA', // France
DE: 'DEU', // Germany
GR: 'GRC', // Greece
HU: 'HUN', // Hungary
IE: 'IRL', // Ireland
IT: 'ITA', // Italy
LV: 'LVA', // Latvia
LT: 'LTU', // Lithuania
LU: 'LUX', // Luxembourg
MT: 'MLT', // Malta
NL: 'NLD', // Netherlands
PL: 'POL', // Poland
PT: 'PRT', // Portugal
RO: 'ROU', // Romania
SK: 'SVK', // Slovakia
SI: 'SVN', // Slovenia
ES: 'ESP', // Spain
SE: 'SWE', // Sweden
} as const;
/** EU aggregate code in World Bank (European Union) */
export const EU_AGGREGATE_CODE = 'EUU';
/**
* World Bank indicator IDs relevant to EU Parliament policy analysis.
* These indicators map to common policy areas discussed in EP legislation.
*/
export const POLICY_INDICATORS: PolicyRelevantIndicators = {
gdp: 'NY.GDP.MKTP.CD',
gdpGrowth: 'NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG',
inflation: 'FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG',
unemployment: 'SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS',
trade: 'NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS',
co2Emissions: 'EN.ATM.CO2E.PC',
population: 'SP.POP.TOTL',
rdExpenditure: 'GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS',
} as const;
// ─── CSV Parsing ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/** Known CSV header aliases for each World Bank field */
const HEADER_ALIASES: Readonly<Record<string, readonly string[]>> = {
country: ['country.id', 'countryiso3code', 'country_id'],
countryName: ['country.value', 'country_name', 'country'],
indicator: ['indicator.id', 'indicator_id'],
indicatorName: ['indicator.value', 'indicator_name', 'indicator'],
date: ['date', 'year'],
value: ['value'],
};
/**
* Find the column index for a field by matching header aliases.
*
* @param headers - Lowercase header names
* @param aliases - Allowed header aliases for the field
* @returns Column index or -1 if not found
*/
function findColumnIndex(headers: readonly string[], aliases: readonly string[]): number {
return headers.findIndex((h) => aliases.includes(h));
}
/**
* Safely read a column value from a row.
*
* @param cols - Split row columns
* @param idx - Column index (-1 means absent)
* @returns Column value or empty string
*/
function readCol(cols: readonly string[], idx: number): string {
return idx >= 0 ? (cols[idx] ?? '') : '';
}
/**
* Split a CSV line respecting quoted fields (RFC 4180).
* Commas inside double-quoted values are preserved as part of the field.
* Escaped quotes (`""`) inside a quoted field are treated as a literal `"`.
*
* @param line - A single CSV row
* @returns Array of field values with surrounding quotes removed
*/
function splitCSVLine(line: string): string[] {
const fields: string[] = [];
let current = '';
let inQuotes = false;
for (let i = 0; i < line.length; i++) {
const ch = line[i]!;
if (ch === '"') {
if (inQuotes && i + 1 < line.length && line[i + 1] === '"') {
// RFC 4180 escaped quote: "" → literal "
current += '"';
i++; // skip the second quote
} else {
inQuotes = !inQuotes;
}
} else if (ch === ',' && !inQuotes) {
fields.push(current.trim());
current = '';
} else {
current += ch;
}
}
fields.push(current.trim());
return fields;
}
/**
* Parse CSV data from World Bank MCP response into structured indicator objects.
* The World Bank MCP server returns indicator data as CSV text via pandas.
* Handles quoted fields that may contain commas (e.g., indicator names).
*
* @param csvText - Raw CSV text from the MCP tool response (accepts null/undefined for convenience)
* @returns Array of parsed World Bank indicator data points
*/
export function parseWorldBankCSV(csvText: string | null | undefined): WorldBankIndicator[] {
if (!csvText || typeof csvText !== 'string') {
return [];
}
const lines = csvText.trim().split(/\r?\n/);
if (lines.length < 2) {
return [];
}
const headers = splitCSVLine(lines[0]!).map((h) => h.toLowerCase());
const colMap = Object.fromEntries(
Object.entries(HEADER_ALIASES).map(([key, aliases]) => [key, findColumnIndex(headers, aliases)])
);
const results: WorldBankIndicator[] = [];
for (let i = 1; i < lines.length; i++) {
const cols = splitCSVLine(lines[i]!);
const rawValue = readCol(cols, colMap['value'] ?? -1);
const parsedValue = rawValue !== '' ? Number(rawValue) : null;
const yearStr = readCol(cols, colMap['date'] ?? -1);
const year = yearStr ? parseInt(yearStr, 10) : 0;
if (year > 0) {
results.push({
countryId: readCol(cols, colMap['country'] ?? -1),
countryName: readCol(cols, colMap['countryName'] ?? -1),
indicatorId: readCol(cols, colMap['indicator'] ?? -1),
indicatorName: readCol(cols, colMap['indicatorName'] ?? -1),
year,
value: Number.isFinite(parsedValue) ? parsedValue : null,
});
}
}
return results;
}
// ─── Value Formatting ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/**
* Format a numeric value for display based on the indicator type.
*
* @param value - The numeric value to format
* @param indicatorId - The World Bank indicator ID (determines formatting style)
* @returns Formatted display string
*/
export function formatIndicatorValue(value: number | null, indicatorId: string): string {
if (value === null || !Number.isFinite(value)) {
return 'N/A';
}
// GDP - format as currency with magnitude suffix
if (indicatorId === POLICY_INDICATORS.gdp) {
if (Math.abs(value) >= 1e12) {
return `$${(value / 1e12).toFixed(1)}T`;
}
if (Math.abs(value) >= 1e9) {
return `$${(value / 1e9).toFixed(1)}B`;
}
Eif (Math.abs(value) >= 1e6) {
return `$${(value / 1e6).toFixed(1)}M`;
}
return `$${value.toFixed(0)}`;
}
// Population - format with magnitude suffix
if (indicatorId === POLICY_INDICATORS.population) {
if (Math.abs(value) >= 1e9) {
return `${(value / 1e9).toFixed(2)}B`;
}
Eif (Math.abs(value) >= 1e6) {
return `${(value / 1e6).toFixed(1)}M`;
}
return `${value.toFixed(0)}`;
}
// Percentage indicators
if (
indicatorId === POLICY_INDICATORS.gdpGrowth ||
indicatorId === POLICY_INDICATORS.inflation ||
indicatorId === POLICY_INDICATORS.unemployment ||
indicatorId === POLICY_INDICATORS.trade ||
indicatorId === POLICY_INDICATORS.rdExpenditure
) {
return `${value.toFixed(1)}%`;
}
// CO2 emissions - metric tons per capita
if (indicatorId === POLICY_INDICATORS.co2Emissions) {
return `${value.toFixed(1)} t/cap`;
}
return value.toFixed(2);
}
// ─── Most Recent Value ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/**
* Extract the most recent non-null data point from a series of World Bank indicators.
*
* @param indicators - Array of indicator data points
* @returns The most recent data point with a non-null value, or null if none found
*/
export function getMostRecentValue(
indicators: readonly WorldBankIndicator[]
): WorldBankIndicator | null {
const withValues = indicators.filter((i) => i.value !== null);
if (withValues.length === 0) {
return null;
}
withValues.sort((a, b) => b.year - a.year);
return withValues[0] ?? null;
}
// ─── Economic Context Builder ────────────────────────────────────────────────
/**
* Build an economic context summary from raw World Bank indicator data.
*
* @param countryCode - EU member state ISO2 code
* @param countryName - Country display name
* @param indicatorData - Map of indicator ID to parsed data points
* @returns Structured economic context for article enrichment
*/
export function buildEconomicContext(
countryCode: string,
countryName: string,
indicatorData: ReadonlyMap<string, readonly WorldBankIndicator[]>
): EconomicContext {
const indicators: EconomicIndicatorSummary[] = [];
const indicatorNames: Record<string, string> = {
[POLICY_INDICATORS.gdp]: 'GDP',
[POLICY_INDICATORS.gdpGrowth]: 'GDP Growth',
[POLICY_INDICATORS.inflation]: 'Inflation',
[POLICY_INDICATORS.unemployment]: 'Unemployment',
[POLICY_INDICATORS.trade]: 'Trade (% of GDP)',
[POLICY_INDICATORS.co2Emissions]: 'CO₂ Emissions',
[POLICY_INDICATORS.population]: 'Population',
[POLICY_INDICATORS.rdExpenditure]: 'R&D Expenditure',
};
for (const [indicatorId, dataPoints] of indicatorData) {
const recent = getMostRecentValue(dataPoints);
Eif (recent) {
indicators.push({
name: indicatorNames[indicatorId] ?? indicatorId,
indicatorId,
value: recent.value,
year: recent.year,
formatted: formatIndicatorValue(recent.value, indicatorId),
});
}
}
return {
countryCode,
countryName,
indicators,
dataTimestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
};
}
// ─── EU Country Lookup ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/**
* Get the World Bank country code for an EU member state.
*
* @param iso2Code - EU member state ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code (e.g., 'DE', 'FR')
* @returns World Bank alpha-3 code or null if not an EU member state
*/
export function getWorldBankCountryCode(iso2Code: string): string | null {
const upper = iso2Code.toUpperCase();
return EU_COUNTRY_CODES[upper] ?? null;
}
/**
* Check if a country code corresponds to an EU member state.
*
* @param iso2Code - ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code
* @returns True if the country is an EU member state
*/
export function isEUMemberState(iso2Code: string): boolean {
return iso2Code.toUpperCase() in EU_COUNTRY_CODES;
}
// ─── HTML Context Section ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/**
* Generate an HTML section with economic context data for article embedding.
*
* Note: UI strings are currently in English. A future enhancement should accept
* a `lang` parameter and use localized string maps (similar to `WEEK_AHEAD_STRINGS`)
* to support all 14 article languages.
*
* @param context - Economic context data
* @returns Sanitized HTML string for the economic context section
*/
export function buildEconomicContextHTML(context: EconomicContext): string {
if (context.indicators.length === 0) {
return '';
}
const rows = context.indicators
.map(
(ind) =>
`<tr><td>${escapeHTML(ind.name)}</td><td>${escapeHTML(ind.formatted)}</td><td>${escapeHTML(String(ind.year))}</td></tr>`
)
.join('\n');
return `<section class="economic-context" aria-label="Economic indicators for ${escapeHTML(context.countryName)}">
<h2>Economic Context: ${escapeHTML(context.countryName)}</h2>
<table>
<caption>Economic indicators for ${escapeHTML(context.countryName)}</caption>
<thead><tr><th scope="col">Indicator</th><th scope="col">Value</th><th scope="col">Year</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
${rows}
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="data-source">Source: World Bank Open Data</p>
</section>`;
}
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